Title case converter
Title case in AP, APA, Chicago and MLA style
Title case means capitalizing the main words of a headline while keeping minor words lowercase. The catch is that style guides disagree about which words are minor. This title case converter follows four of them:
| Style | Lowercase words | Example |
|---|
| AP (news, blogs) | Articles, conjunctions and prepositions of three letters or fewer | A Journey Into the World With Friends |
| APA (academic) | Articles, short conjunctions and prepositions of three letters or fewer; words of four letters or more are capitalized | A Journey Into the World With Friends |
| Chicago (books) | Articles, coordinating conjunctions and all prepositions, whatever their length | A Journey into the World with Friends |
| MLA (humanities) | Same as Chicago for most titles | A Journey into the World with Friends |
In every style the first and last word are capitalized, as is the first word after a colon. Hyphenated words get both parts capitalized (Long-Term Plan). If you just need every word capitalized, choose Capital Case.
Sentence case
Sentence case, uppercase and lowercase
Sentence case capitalizes only the first letter of each sentence, like normal prose. It is the standard for UI text in Google's Material Design and Apple's guidelines, and many publications now use it for headlines too. The converter capitalizes after every full stop, question mark and exclamation mark, restores the pronoun I (including I'm and I've), and with Keep acronyms on it leaves words like SEO, NASA and iPhone as typed.
That last option matters because sentence case cannot know that paris is a city. Proper nouns that you typed in lowercase stay lowercase, so give the result a quick read.
The basic upper and lower case converter options do exactly what they say. They are useful for fixing text typed with Caps Lock on, normalizing a list of emails or tags, and preparing data for comparison. iNVERSE cASE swaps every letter, and aLtErNaTiNg and RaNdOm case are there for fun and memes.
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Programming cases
camelCase, snake_case, kebab-case and PascalCase
Developers name the same thing differently depending on the language. Paste plain words, a sentence or an existing identifier and convert it to any of these:
- camelCase: JavaScript and Java variables, JSON keys (
userProfileData).
- PascalCase: class names, React components, C# methods (
UserProfileData).
- snake_case: Python, Ruby, database columns (
user_profile_data).
- CONSTANT_CASE: constants and environment variables (
USER_PROFILE_DATA).
- kebab-case: URLs, CSS classes, file names (
user-profile-data).
- Train-Case, dot.case and path/case for HTTP headers, config keys and folder paths.
The converter splits words on spaces, punctuation and camel humps, so getHTTPResponse becomes get_http_response. For URL slugs with transliteration and stop-word removal, use the dedicated URL slug generator.
Bulk conversion
Convert a whole list at once
Each line is converted on its own, so you can paste hundreds of product names, headings, CSV column names or tags and convert them in one go. Blank lines are preserved, Remove extra spaces collapses double spaces left by copy and paste, and Trim each line removes leading and trailing whitespace.
After converting, the table under the result shows your first line in all 19 styles, which is a quick way to compare AP and Chicago title case or pick a variable name. To clean a list before converting, try Remove Duplicate Lines.
Shortcuts
Change case in Word, Google Docs and Excel
Sometimes you need the same change inside another program. In Microsoft Word, select text and press Shift+F3 to cycle between lowercase, UPPERCASE and Capitalize Each Word. In Google Docs, use Format, Text, Capitalization. In Excel and Google Sheets, the functions =UPPER(A1), =LOWER(A1) and =PROPER(A1) convert a cell. None of these apply title case style rules, so small words like of and the get capitalized too; paste the column here and choose AP or Chicago style to fix them.
FAQ
Case Converter: frequently asked questions
What is a case converter?
A case converter changes the capitalization of text, for example from lowercase to Title Case or from a sentence to camelCase, without retyping it.
What is title case?
Title case capitalizes the main words in a title and keeps short words like a, the, and, of and in lowercase, except at the start or end. The exact rules depend on the style guide.
What is the difference between AP and Chicago title case?
AP lowercases only words of three letters or fewer, so it capitalizes With and Into. Chicago lowercases all prepositions regardless of length, so with and into stay lowercase.
What is sentence case?
Sentence case capitalizes only the first letter of each sentence and proper nouns, like normal writing: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
How do I convert uppercase to lowercase?
Paste the text, choose lowercase and click Convert case. To keep acronyms like USA capitalized, choose Sentence case with Keep acronyms ticked instead.
What is camelCase?
camelCase joins words without spaces and capitalizes each word except the first, like userProfileData. PascalCase also capitalizes the first word: UserProfileData.
Can I convert many lines at once?
Yes. Every line is converted separately, so a pasted list stays a list.
Does it work with accents and other alphabets?
Yes. The converter is Unicode aware, so é, ß, Cyrillic and Greek letters are converted correctly.